Radestrian

H - h

hadzs /hadz/ n. Etym: MR. hadzz; OR. hædþs; PR. *hædθs; PH. *p̄ǽdthəs; PL. *pæd-tʰ- ← *pæd- (thorn). EN thorn. DE Dorn. PL cierń. heavy stem, count noun. stem: h[a^e]dz-. gen: hezg. dat: hadza. acc: hazd. ins: hadzúr. pl: hazdre.

hair /hair/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hair; PR. *hawir; PH. *p̄akhwés; PL. *pŋ̊-k(ʰ)wé- ← *peŋ- (to beget). EN type, sort, kind. DE Art. PL rodzaj. light stem, count noun. stem: hai-. gen: haisk. dat: hain. acc: haist. ins: haivúr. pl: haire.

haiþs /haiθs/ n. Etym: MR. haiþs; OR. hajþs; PR. *hajθs; PH. *p̄ájthəs; PL. *paɟ-tʰ- ← *paɟ- (to blow). EN gust. heavy stem, count noun. stem: haiþ-. gen: huisk. dat: haiþa. acc: haist. ins: haiþúr. pl: haiþre.

hal- /hal/ aff. Etym: MR. hal-; OR. hæls, hæl-; PR. *hæls, see heliș. EN chief, arch-. see: heliș.

haldzỉr /ˈhaldziːːr/ n. Etym: MR. haldziér; OR. hældziēr ← hæl- (chief) + dziēr (builder). EN architect. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: haldzie-. gen: haldzỉ. dat: haldziea. acc: haldzỉd. ins: haldzieúr. pl: haldzỉre. gen pl: haldzỉris (haldzijes). see: hal-; dzỉr.

halvuþs /ˈhalvɤθs/ n. Etym: MR. haldłuþs; OR. hældloþs ← hæl- (chief) + dlūþs, arguably going back to Proto-Radic due to -dloþs instead of the expected -dluþs as an internal creation, but this does not explain why -æl- has not metathesised.1 • EN birthday.

2 • EN anniversary. heavy stem, count noun. stem: halvoþ-. gen: halvusk. dat: halvoþa. acc: halvust. ins: halvoþúr. pl: halvuþre. see: hal-; dvuoþs.

háns /haːns/ n. Etym: MR. hánss; OR. hānss; PR. *hajænhs; PH. *p̄ahǽnṯəs; PL. *pŋ̊-hǽnt- ← PL. *peŋ- (to beget). EN race, species. spirant stem, count noun. stem: h[á^ai]nḤ-. gen: haing, háng (proscribed), haeng (dialectal). dat: hánga. acc: hánd. ins: hángúr. pl: hándre. gen pl: hánștris.

hats /hats/ pron. Etym: MR. & OR. hats; PR. *hats; PH. *p̄átəs; PL. *pat’- (2). EN someone else, somebody else, another. gen: hustú. dat: hata. acc: hastad. ins: hasbúr. pl: hatre. gen pl: hatris. poss: hárș : háriș. see: atra.

haura /ˈhaura/ n. Etym: near doublet of hņíra; MR. haura; OR. hawra; PR. *haɣor (legend); PH. *p̄aghós (tale); PL. *pŋ̊-gʱó- ← *peŋ- (to beget).1 • EN legend, myth, fable, story, tale.

2 • EN legend (person). light stem, count noun. stem: havo-. gen: havusk. dat: havun. acc: havust. ins: havovúr. pl: havore. see: hņíra.

heldrulþs /ˈhɛldrɤlθs/ n. Etym: MR. heldrulþs; OR. herdrulþs ← hirišjre (white) + drūlþs (gold); PR. *herdurlθs is reconstructed for other Radic languages, but it does not explain lack of the metathesis in Old Radestrian. EN platinum. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: heldrulþ-. gen: heldrulsk. dat: heldrulþa. acc: heldrulst. ins: heldrulþúr. see: hjeriș; druolþs.

heliș /ˈhɛliʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. heliș; OR. helišjre; PR. *hæls, hèlišjir (important; essential); PH. *p̄ǽləs; PL. *pæl- (to be mighty). EN main. DE Haupt-. PL główny. incomparable.

heņgreks /ˈhɛŋgrɛks/ n. Etym: MR. heņrekss; OR. heŋrekþre; PR. *heŋirkθir; PH. *p̄éŋiskthis; PL. *peŋ-esk-tʰ- ← *peŋ- (to beget). EN monarch, king, queen. DE König, Königin. PL król, królowa. heavy stem, count noun. stem: heņgreks-. gen: heņgreksk. dat: heņgreksa. acc: heņgrekst. ins: heņgreksúr. pl: heņgrekstre. Variants heņgrekstre ‘admirative’. see: heņgrekseștre.

heņgrekseștre /hɛŋˈgrɛksɛʃtrɛ/ n. Etym: heņgreks + -eștre. EN kingdom, monarchy. DE Königreich. PL królestwo. light stem, count noun. stem: heņgrekseșe-. gen: heņgrekseșesk. dat: heņgrekseșen. acc: heņgrekseșest. ins: heņgrekseșevúr. pl: heņgrekseșere. see: heņgreks; -eștre.

Heņgrekseștre Aruokștre /hɛŋˈgrɛksɛʃtrɛ aˈruokʃtrɛ/ propn. Etym: heņgrekseștre + aruokș. EN the United Kingdom. DE das Vereinigte Königreich. PL Zjednoczone Królestwo. stem: Heņgrekseșe- Aruokș-. gen: Heņgrekseșesk Aruokșk. dat: Heņgrekseșen Aruokșa. acc: Heņgrekseșest Aruokșt. ins: Heņgrekseșevúr Aruokșúr. Variants HA ‘abbreviation’. see: heņgrekseștre; aruokș.

heríņiș /hɛˈriːŋiʃ/ adj. Etym: herjeņs + -iș. EN gender (relating or concerning gender). incomparable. see: herjeņs; -iș.

herír /ˈhɛriːr/ n. Etym: MR. herír (brain); OR. herīr (head, brain, inner head); PR. *herijir (human head); PH. *p̄éḏiḵis; PL. *ped-ek- ← *ped- (head). EN brain. DE Hirn, Gehirn. PL mózg. spirant stem, count noun. stem: heriH-. gen: herig. dat: heriva. acc: herid. ins: herivúr. pl: heríre.

herjeņs /ˈhɛrjɛŋs/ n. Etym: MR. heréņs; OR. herēŋre; PR. *herēŋir; PH. *p̄érēŋis; PL. *pé<rep>ŋ- ← *peŋ- (to beget). EN gender. heavy stem, count noun. stem: heríņ-. gen: herjeņg. dat: heríņa. acc: herjeņd. ins: heríņúr. pl: herjeņgre.

hers /hɛrs/ n. Etym: deverbal from hert. EN kiss. DE Kuss. PL pocałunek. spirant stem, count noun. stem: herḤ-. gen: herg. dat: herga. acc: herd. ins: hergúr. pl: here.

hert /hɛrt/ v. Etym: MR. & OR. herrtt; PR. *hirrhht (kiss); PH. *ṕír(ə)rkh- (love); PL. *pi<ɟŕ̥>rkʰ- (hold dear) ← *pajrkʰ- (rare/scarce). EN kiss. DE küssen. PL całować, pocałować. transitive. stem: herḤ-. npst: here : hera : herș : herú. pst: herșei. npst adv: herșevú. pst adv: hergúl. ger: herjenș.

hevúb /ˈhɛvuːb/ adv. Etym: comparative of gjaorí. EN more. DE mehr. PL bardziej. comparable. Ú ran hevúb tojei! I love you more! see: gjaorí.

hevuobs /hɛˈvuops/ num. Etym: MR. hełóbs; OR. helōbs; PR. *helōbs ← *helōbšjir. EN more. heavy stem. stem: hevúb-. gen: hevuofsk : hevuoftú. dat: hevúba. acc: hevuofst : hevuoftad. ins: hevuobúr. see: gjára ‘positive’; hevuovra ‘superlative’; hevúvair ‘elative’.

hevuovra /hɛˈvuovra/ num. Etym: PR. *helōvar. EN the most. light stem. stem: hevúva-. gen: hevúvask : hevúvatú. dat: hevúvan. acc: hevúvast : hevúvatad. ins: hevúvabúr. see: gjára ‘positive’; hevuobs ‘comparative’; hevúvair ‘elative’.

hevúvair /hɛˈvuːvair/ num. Etym: PR. *helōvawir. EN too much. light stem. stem: hevúvai-. gen: hevúvaisk : hevúvaitú. dat: hevúvain. acc: hevúvaist : hevúvaitad. ins: hevúvaibúr. see: gjára ‘positive’; hevuobs ‘comparative’; hevuovra ‘superlative’.

hjá-dvunþs /ˈʃaːdvɤnθs/ /ˈçaːdvɤnθs/ n. Etym: hjá (water) + dvunþs (speech). EN hjá-speech (distinguishing the phonemes /ʃ/ and /ç/, typical of some dialects). heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjá-dvunþ-. gen: hjá-dvunsk. dat: hjá-dvunþa. acc: hjá-dvunst. ins: hjá-dvunþúr. see: hjas; dvunþs.

hjaoșeș /ˈʃɔːʃɛʃ/ /ˈçɔːʃɛʃ/ adj. Etym: hjaôt.1 • EN falling, descending, declining. DE fallend. PL spadający.

2 • EN grave (diacritic). incomparable. rlâzierds hjaoșeștre grave accent. A hjaoșeștre the letter À. see: hjaôt.

hjaôt /ʃɔat/ /çɔat/ v. Etym: MR. & OR. hjôhtt; PR. *hjôhht; PH. *ṯiɔ̄́kh-; PL. *tig-áwkʰ- ← *tɯg- (to fall). EN fall. DE fallen. intransitive. stem: hjao-. npst: hjaoi : hjaoà : hjaôș : hjaoú. pst: hjaoșei. npst adv: hjaoșevú. pst adv: hjaovúl. ger: hjaovunș.

Hjáraklír /ˈʃaːrakliːr/ /ˈçaːrakliːr/ propn. Etym: MR. Hêraklér ← Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês). EN Hercules. semi-light stem. stem: Hjárakle-. gen: Hjáraklí. dat: Hjáraklea. acc: Hjáraklíd. ins: Hjárakleúr.

hjárs /ʃaːrs/ /çaːrs/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hêrs; PR. *hêrs; PH. *hɛ̄́rəs; PL. *hæjd- (moon).1 • EN month. DE Monat. PL miesiąc.

2 • archaic. EN moon. DE Mond. PL księżyc. syn. brienþs. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hjár-. gen: hjáru. dat: hjára. acc: hjárd. ins: hjárúr. pl: hjáre.

hjas /ʃas/ /ças/ n. Etym: MR. hjass; OR. hjæss; PR. *hjæhs; PH. *p̄iḡǽhəs; PL. *pe-gæʔ-æs (water) ← *gæʔ- (water). EN water (still; substance). DE Wasser. PL woda. syn. rads. spirant stem, mass noun. stem: hj[a^e]H-. gen: hjeg. dat: hjá. acc: hjad. ins: hjavúr.

hĵáþs /hjaːθs/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hlêþs; PR. *hêlθs; PH. *khɛ̄́lthəs; PL. *kʰæjl-tʰ- ← *kʰæjl- (blood). EN blood. DE Blut. PL krew. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hĵáþ-. gen: hĵásk. dat: hĵáþa. acc: hĵást. ins: hĵáþúr. see: hleþvieat.

hjeat /ʃæːt/ /çæːt/ v. Etym: MR. héhtt; OR. hǫhtt; PR. *hǫhht (*huh-); PH. *ḵɤ̄h- (*ṯuh-); PL. *kajʔ- (NEG), *tuʔ- (NEG). EN not, not be. DE nicht, nicht sein. PL nie, nie być. auxiliary, copula, irregular*. stem: híH-. npst: hjei : hjeà : hjeaș : hjeú. pst: húei*. npst adv: hûșevú*. pst adv: hovúl*. ger: hunș*. phonology when unstressed and following a stressed predicate or main verb, forms in h- can elide their intial sound; this does not apply to forms in hj- grammar followed by connegative if not used as a copula; using it with vat is ungrammatical grammar when used on its own, it acts as a negated vat grammar when used to negate existence, the verb is used impersonally (3S only) and the noun is placed into the genitive grammar when an adjective is the predicate, some sort of characteristic is implied: for stative predicates, the adverb is used instead Vardta hjei! I can't see! Re ven dvaos hjeà. You are no son of mine. Hjeú an Þydeșesk. They aren't from Germany. Hjeaș hjeg steral. There's no water here. Ven hojeng-ușeș kjelvusk. I didn't have the energy today. Notes some dialects use this verb as an auxiliary suffix Vardta'i! I can't see! (dialect). Vardta'ușei. I couldn't see. (dialect). see: vat ‘affirmative copula’; -ta ‘connegative ending’.

hjelarfjestra /ʃɛˈlarfjɛstra/ /çɛˈlarfjɛstra/ n. Etym: MR. hjillarfjistra ← hjillarfs (alum) + jistra (substance). EN aluminium. light stem, mass noun. stem: hjelarfjeste-. gen: hjelarfjestisk. dat: hjelarfjesten. acc: hjelarfjestest. ins: hjelarfjestevúr. see: hjelarfs; istra.

hjelarfs /ˈʃɛlarfs/ /ˈçɛlarfs/ n. Etym: MR. hjillarfs; OR. hirrærfs; PR. *hihrærɸs; PH. *p̄iṯrǽrphəs; PL. *pe-træ<r>pʰ- ← *træpʰ- (bitter). EN alum (chemistry). heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjel[a^e]rf-. gen: hjelerf. dat: hjelarfa. acc: hjelarft. ins: hjelarfúr.

hjeløriș /ˈʃɛlœriʃ/ /ˈçɛlœriʃ/ adj. Etym: hlevars + -iș. EN sulphuric. incomparable. see: hlevars; -iș.

hjembrans /ˈʃɛmbrans/ /ˈçɛmbrans/ n. Etym: MR. hjimrans; OR. himrænre (twilight); PR. *himernir (dawn); PH. *p̄imérnis; PL. *pe-me<r>n- ← *men- (dawn/east). EN twilight. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hjembr[a^e]n-. gen: hjembreng. dat: hjembrana. acc: hjembrand. ins: hjembranúr. pl: hjembrandre.

hjembraus /ˈʃɛmbraus/ /ˈçɛmbraus/ /ˈʃɛmbrɔs/ /ˈçɛmbrɔs/ n. Etym: MR. hjimraus; OR. himraws; PR. *himɨrgs; PH. *p̄imɯ́rḡɯs; PL. *pe-mɯ<r>g- ← *mɯg- (to shine). EN iron. DE Eisen. PL żelazo. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjembrav-. gen: hjembravu. dat: hjembrava. acc: hjembraud. ins: hjembravúr.

hjendzedraus /ˈʃɛndzɛdraus/ /ˈçɛndzɛdraus/ n. Etym: hjendzír + -draus. EN theism. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjendzedr[a^o]v-. gen: hjendzedrovu. dat: hjendzedrava. acc: hjendzedraud. ins: hjendzedravúr. see: hjendzír; -draus.

hjendzedroviș /ʃɛnˈdzɛdrɔviʃ/ /çɛnˈdzɛdrɔviʃ/ adj. Etym: hjendzedraus + -iș. EN theistic. incomparable. see: hjendzedraus; -iș.

hjendzír /ˈʃɛndziːr/ /ˈçɛndziːr/ n. Etym: hjengs + -ír. EN theist. DE Theist, Theistin. PL teista, teistka. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: hjendzeG-. gen: hjendzí. dat: hjendzea. acc: hjendzíd. ins: hjendzeúr. pl: hjendzíre. see: hjengs; -ír.

hjengs /ʃɛŋks/ /çɛŋks/ n. Etym: MR. hjings; OR. hingre; exact etymology unknown, maybe from PL. *hím-(i)gʱ(o)-s ← PL. *him- (life force). EN god, goddess, deity. DE Gott, Göttin. PL bóg, bogini. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hjeng-. gen: hjeng. dat: hjenga. acc: hjengd. ins: hjengúr. pl: hjenzdre. Variants hjengre ‘admirative’.

Hjengre /ˈʃɛŋgrɛ/ /ˈçɛŋgrɛ/ propn. EN (Abrahamic) God.

hjeņglets /ˈʃɛŋglɛts/ /ˈçɛŋglɛts/ n. Etym: MR. híņlets; OR. hûŋlets; PR. *hɨ̄ŋilts; PH. *p̄ɯ̄́ŋyltəs; PL. *pɯd-ŋyl-t’a-, cf. Laefevian êñilda ← PL. *pɯd- (sun), *ŋyl- (to turn). EN solstice. DE Sonnenwende. PL przesilenie. light stem, count noun. stem: hjeņglet-. gen: hjeņgletusk. dat: hjeņgleta. acc: hjeņgletst. ins: hjeņgletvúr. pl: hjeņgletstre.

hjeņglets víņiștre /ˈʃɛŋglɛts ˈviːŋiʃtrɛ/ /ˈçɛŋglɛts ˈviːŋiʃtrɛ/ n. Etym: hjeņglets + víņis. EN winter solstice. light stem, count noun. stem: hjeņglet- víņiș. gen: hjeņgletusk víņișk. dat: hjeņgleta víņișa. acc: hjeņgletst víņișt. ins: hjeņgletvúr víņișúr. pl: hjeņgletstre víņiștre. see: hjeņglets; víņiș.

hjeņt /ʃɛŋt/ /çɛŋt/ v. Etym: MR. héņtt; OR. hǫŋtt; PR. *hǫŋht; PH. *ṯɤ̄ŋ-; PL. *tajŋ- (to press). EN print. DE drucken. transitive. stem: híņ-. npst: hjeņge : hjeņga : hjeņș : hjeņgú. pst: híņei. npst adv: hjeņivú. pst adv: híņúl. ger: híņunș.

hjeņyet /ˈʃɛŋiet/ /ˈçɛŋiet/ v. Etym: MR. hjiņýtt; OR. hiŋȳtt; PR. *hiŋȳtht; PH. *ṯiŋȳ́t-; PL. *tiŋ-íwt’- ← *tajŋ- (to press). EN press. DE drücken. transitive. stem: hjeņýt-. npst: hjeņyete : hjeņyeta : hjeņyetș : hjeņyetú. pst: hjeņýșei. npst adv: hjeņyestivú. pst adv: hjeņýtúl. ger: hjeņýtinș.

hjeņyets /ʃɛˈŋiets/ /çɛˈŋiets/ n. Etym: deverbal of hjeņyet. EN pressure. DE Druck. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjeņýt-. gen: hjeņyesk. dat: hjeņýta. acc: hjeņyest. ins: hjeņýtúr. see: hjeņyet.

hjeral /ˈʃɛral/ /ˈçɛral/ adp. Etym: MR. hérral; OR. hǫrral; PR. *hǫrra læ. EN around. PL wokół. grammar governs the genitive; can also be used on its own hjeral vesk around me. um mich herum. wokół mnie. Lvorjenivú vaș hjeral. He's dancing around. Hjeral lireans-aș! There is music all around! see: hjers.

hjeriș /ˈʃɛriʃ/ /ˈçɛriʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. hjiriș; OR. hirišjre; PR. *hirišjir, herir; PH. *héḏis; PL. *hed- (white). EN white. comparable. stem: her-. comp: heruobș.

hjers /ʃɛrs/ /çɛrs/ n. Etym: MR. hérrs; OR. hǫrrs; PR. *hǫrrs (surroundings); PH. *p̄ɤ̄́rrəs; PL. *paj<r>r- (environment) ← *pajr- (time period). EN surroundings, environment. DE Umgebung. PL okolica. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjer-. gen: hjeru. dat: hjera. acc: hjerd. ins: hjerúr.

hjesieþs /ʃɛˈsieθs/ /çɛˈsieθs/ n. Etym: MR. héssíþs; OR. hǫssûþs; PR. *hǫhsɨ̄θs; PH. *ḵɤ̄́hsɯ̄thɯs; PL. *kajʔ-sɯʔ-tʰ- ← *sɯʔ- (1). EN void, emptiness, abyss. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjesíþ-. gen: hjesiesk. dat: hjesíþa. acc: hjesiest. ins: hjesíþúr.

hjeslír /ˈʃɛsliːr/ /ˈçɛsliːr/ n. Etym: MR. hjislér; OR. hitlēr; PR. *hitlejir; PH. *hitléṯis; PL. *hit’-lét- ← *hɯt’- (to assemble). EN tool. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hjesleH-. gen: hjeslig. dat: hjesleva. acc: hjesled. ins: hjeslevúr. pl: hjeslíre.

hjesnujþs /ˈʃɛsnɤiθs/ /ˈçɛsnɤiθs/ n. Etym: MR. héssk(u)nujþs; OR. hēsskunujþro; PR. *hēsskunujþur; PH. *hēsskunújthus; PL. *hæjz=sku<nú>ɟ-tʰ- ← *skuɟ- (to sit). EN nest. PL gniazdo. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hjesnujþ-. gen: hjesnușk. dat: hjesnujþa. acc: hjesnușt. ins: hjesnujþúr. pl: hjesnujþre.

hjezs /ʃɛz/ /çɛz/ n. Etym: MR. hézs; OR. hǫðro; PR. *hǫður; PH. *ḵɤ̄́dhus; PL. *kojdʱ- (path). EN road, way. heavy stem, count noun. stem: híz-. gen: hjezg. dat: híza. acc: hjezd. ins: hízúr. pl: hjezdre.

hjeþs /ʃɛθs/ /çɛθs/ n. Etym: MR. héþs; OR. hejþre; PR. *hegθir; PH. *khéḡthis; PL. *kʰeg-tʰ- ← *kʰeg- (to be fast). EN horse. DE Pferd. PL koń. heavy stem, count noun. stem: híþ-. gen: hjesk. dat: híþa. acc: hjest. ins: híþúr. pl: hjeþre.

hjí /ʃiː/ /çiː/ adv. Etym: MR. hjí; OR. h(i)ī (quickly); PR. *hiī ← hīšjre; PH. *khéḡis; PL. *kʰeg- (to be fast). EN soon. comparable. stem: heG-. comp: heúb.

hjietrodzír /ˈʃietrɔdziːr/ /ˈçietrɔdziːr/ n. Etym: MR. hjítrodzér; OR. hītrodzēr; PR. *higturdzēr; PH. *khiḡturḡéḡis; PL. *kʰig-turg-ég- ← *kʰeg- (to be fast) + *tɯwrg- (to flow). EN riptide, quick current. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: hjietrodze-. gen: hjietrodzí. dat: hjietrodzea. acc: hjietrodzíd. ins: hjietrodzeúr. pl: hjietrodzíre.

hjievlazs /ˈʃievlaz/ /ˈçievlaz/ n. Etym: MR hjívlazz; OR hijwrazþro; PR. *higwɔrzþur; PH. *p̄iḡwórzthus; PL. *pe-gwó<r>z-tʰ-os ← *gwoz- (to be damp). EN fog, mist. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjievl[a^â]z-. gen: hjievlâzg. dat: hjievlaza. acc: hjievlazd. ins: hjievlazúr.

hjøranþs /ˈʃœranθs/ /ˈçœranθs/ n. Etym: MR. hjivranþs; OR. hiwramþro; PR. *hiwormθur; PH. *p̄ip̄órmthus; PL. *pe-po<r>m-tʰ- ← *pom- (red). EN rust. PL rdza. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hjør[a^u]nþ-. gen: hjørunsk. dat: hjøranþa. acc: hjøranst. ins: hjøranþúr.

Hjudvar /ˈʃɤdvar/ /ˈçɤdvar/ propn. Etym: MR. hjidvar; OR. hidwor; PR. *hidɣor; PH. *p̄iḏghós; PL. *pid-gʱó- ← *pɯd- (sun).1 • EN Hidow (Radestrian god of the sun). PL Szydew (radestryjski bóg słońca).

2 • EN Saturn (planet). light stem. stem: Hjudvo-. gen: Hjudvusk. dat: Hjudvun. acc: Hjudvust. ins: Hjudvovúr.

hlerkt /hlɛrkt/ v. Etym: from earlier hliejrkt; MR. hléjrktt; OR. hrējrktt; PR. *hrējrkht; PH. *ṯrējr(ə)k-; PL. *tr̥j<ɟŕ̥>k’- ← *trjok’- (bad). EN fall/grow/become ill. DE erkranken. intransitive. stem: hlerk-. npst: hlerke : hlerka : hlerkș : hlerkú. pst: hlercei. npst adv: hlercivú. pst adv: hlerkúl. ger: hlercinș, hlerkunș. grammar the illness can be specified in the instrumental Hloírúr hlerceș. He fell ill to cancer.

hlevars /ˈhlɛvars/ n. Etym: MR. hlevars; OR. hrewærs; PR. *hirwærs; PH. *p̄iswǽrəs; PL. *pe-swær- ← *swær- (to burn). EN sulphur. heavy stem, mass noun, irregular*. stem: hlevar-. gen: hlevaru, hjeløru (dated). dat: hlevara. acc: hlevard. ins: hlevarúr. see: hjeløriș.

hleþvieat /ˈhlɛθviat/ v. Etym: MR. & OR. hleþvêhtt; PR. *hilþβêhht; PH. *khilthbhɛ̄́ṯ-; PL. *kʰil-tʰ-bʱǽjt- ← *kʰæjl- (to bleed). EN bleed. intransitive. stem: hleþvíH-. npst: hleþvíe : hleþvieà : hleþvieaș : hleþvieú. pst: hleþvíșei. npst adv: hleþvieșevú. pst adv: hleþvívúl. ger: hleþviejnș. see: hĵáþs.

hlojers /ˈhlɔjɛrs/ n. Etym: MR. hluírs (cancer); OR. hrŭ(j)ûrs; PR. *hrɨjɨ̄rs; PH. *srəḵɯ́p̄ɯḏɯs (malevolent growth); PL. *sr̥(n)-kɯ<pɯ>d- ← *kɯd- (hard). EN cancer (disease). DE Krebs. PL rak. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hloír-. gen: hloíru. dat: hloíra. acc: hlojerd. ins: hloírúr.

hlorans /ˈhlɔrans/ n. Etym: MR. hluranss; OR. hrŭrænss; PR. *hrɨrænhs; PH. *ḵrəḏǽnṯəs; PL. *k<r̥>d-ǽnt- ← *kɯd- (hard). EN forest. DE Wald. PL las. spirant stem, count noun. stem: hlor[a^e]nḤ-. gen: hloreng. dat: hloranga. acc: hlorand. ins: hlorangúr. pl: hlorandre. gen pl: hloranștris.

hlúķerdzs /ˈhluːtʃɛrdz/ n. Etym: MR. hlócérdzz; OR. hrōcērdþre; PR. *hrōcērdθir, *hrōcehirdθir, *hrōcejirdθir ← *hrōcēr (cursed) + *herdθir (silver). EN nickel (element). heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hlúķerdz-. gen: hlúķerzg. dat: hlúķerdza. acc: hlúķerzd. ins: hlúķerdzúr. see: hrúciș; hradzs.

hluort /hluort/ v. Etym: MR. hluvurtt, hlúrt; OR. hrŭwortt; PR. *hrɨworhtt; PH. *hrəḵwúr-; PL. *sr̥(n)-kwur- ← *kwur- (to guard). EN lose, misplace. DE verlieren. PL gubić, zgubić. transitive, irregular*. stem: hlúr-. npst: hluorge : hluorga : hluorș : hruorgú. pst: hluorei*. npst adv: hluorivú. pst adv: hlúrúl. ger: hlúrunș.

hlureștre /hluˈrɛʃtrɛ/ n. Etym: MR. hlureșre; OR. hrŭrešre; PR. *hrɨrèšir; PH. *hrəḏɛ́ḵjis; PL. *ʔr̥d-ǽkje- ← *ʔard- (Water). EN siren (mythological creature), mermaid, merman. light stem, count noun. stem: hlureșe-. gen: hlureșesk. dat: hlureșen. acc: hlureșest. ins: hlureșevúr. pl: hlureșere.

hlyerbt /hlierpt/ v. Etym: MR. hlǿrbtt; OR. hlø̄rbtt; PR. *hlęrbht; PH. *ṯlø̄́rḇ-; PL. *tlæwrb- (to increase). EN grow, increase. DE wachsen. intransitive, irregular*. stem: hlyerb-. npst: hlyerpe : hlyerpa : hlyerpș : hlyerpú. pst: hlyerbei. npst adv: hlýrubivú*. pst adv: hlyerbúl. ger: hlyerbinș.

hlyevs /hliefs/ n. Etym: MR. hlǿvs; OR. hlęvre; PR. *hęlβir; PH. *khø̄́lbhis; PL. *kʰewlbʱ- (wine). EN wine. DE Wein. PL wino. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hlýv-. gen: hlývu. dat: hlýva. acc: hlyevd. ins: hlývúr.

hlýgans /ˈhliːgans/ n. Etym: MR. hlýganss; OR. hlȳɣænss; PR. *hȳlhænhs; PH. *p̄ȳlhǽnṯəs; PL. *pe-wl̥-hǽnt-æs (land) ← *wal- (black).1 • EN land, ground, earth. DE Land, Grund, Erde. PL ziemia, ląd, grunt.

2 • EN earth (Earth-like planet). DE Erde (Planet wie unsere Erde). PL ziemia (podobna do naszej ziemi planeta. spirant stem, mass noun, count noun. stem: hlýg[a^e]nḤ-. gen: hlýgeng. dat: hlýganga. acc: hlýgand. ins: hlýgangúr. pl: hlýgandre. gen pl: hlýganștris. grammar sense 1 is a mass noun grammar sense 2 is a count noun

Hlýgans /ˈhliːgans/ propn. EN (the) Earth. DE (die) Erde. PL Ziemia.

hlýgansligír /ˈhliːgansligiːr/ n. Etym: hlýganslis + -ír. EN geologist. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: hlýgansligeG-. gen: hlýgansligí. dat: hlýgansligea. acc: hlýgansligíd. ins: hlýgansligeúr. pl: hlýgansligíre. see: hlýganslis; -sligír.

hlýganslis /ˈhliːganslis/ n. Etym: hlýgans + -slis. EN geology. spirant stem, mass noun. stem: hlýgansliḤ-. gen: hlýganslig. dat: hlýgansliga. acc: hlýganslid. ins: hlýgansligúr. see: hlýgans; -slis.

hlyrfs /hlirfs/ n. Etym: MR. hlyrfs; OR. hlyrfre; PR. *hlyrɸir; PH. *ḵlwýrphis; PL. *klwyrpʰ- (hair). EN thread, string. DE Faden. PL nić. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hlyrf-. gen: hlyrf. dat: hlyrfa. acc: hlyrft. ins: hlyrfúr. pl: hlyrfre.

hlyt /hlit/ v. Etym: MR. & OR. hlytt; PR. *hlytht; PH. *ṯlyc-; PL. *tlyc’- (to ferment). EN grow mould. intransitive. stem: hlyt-. npst: hlyte : hlyta : hlytș : hlytú. pst: hlyșei. npst adv: hlystivú. pst adv: hlytúl. ger: hlytinș.

hlytúl /ˈhlituːl/ adv. Etym: past adverbial participle of hlyt. EN mouldy. incomparable. adj: hlytúș.

hlytúș /ˈhlituːʃ/ adj. Etym: past adjectival participle of hlyt. EN mouldy. incomparable. adv: hlytúl.

hmanþs /hmanθs/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hmanþs; PR. *hmanθs; PH. *hmánthəs; PL. *ʔm̥-án-tʰ- ← *ʔam- (to curve). EN ring. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hm[a^u]nþ-. gen: hmunsk. dat: hmanþa. acc: hmanst. ins: hmanþúr. pl: hmanþre.

hmúr /hmuːr/ n. Etym: MR. hmór; OR. hmōr; PR. *hmōr (dragon); PH. *p̄móḡus; PL. *pm̥-óg- ← *pom- (red). EN dragon. DE Drache. PL smok. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: hmoG-. gen: hmív. dat: hmoa. acc: hmúd. ins: hmoúr. pl: hmíre.

hmyet /hmiet/ v. Etym: MR. hmýtt; OR. hmȳtt; PR. *hmȳtht; PH. *hmȳt-; PL. *hm̥-íwtʼ- ← *hum- (to hear). EN listen to. DE zuhören. PL słuchać. transitive. stem: hmýt-. npst: hmyete : hmyeta : hmyetș : hmyetú. pst: hmýșei. npst adv: hmyestivú. pst adv: hmýtúl. ger: hmýtinș.

hnaol /hnɔːl/ adv. Etym: MR. hnôl (past participle of fýltt); see fyelt, whose participle has been levelled to hnúl.1 • EN over, bygone, elapsed, up. DE vorbei, vergangen.

2 • EN gone, missing. DE weg. incomparable. adj: hnaoș. see: fyelt.

hnaoș /hnɔːʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. hnôș (past participle of fýltt); see fyelt, whose participle has been levelled to hnúș.1 • EN over, bygone, elapsed, up. DE vorbei, vergangen.

2 • EN gone, missing. DE weg. incomparable. adv: hnaol. see: fyelt.

hneans /hnæːns/ n. Etym: PR. *hniænhs ← *hnēr (soldier); equivalent of PL. *pan- (to go) + *-ég- + *-ǽnt- (collective), native Radic word would have been *hnānhs. EN army. spirant stem, count noun. stem: hn[ea^ie]nḤ-. gen: hnieng. dat: hneanga. acc: hneand. ins: hneangúr. pl: hneandre. gen pl: hneanștris.

hnír /hniːr/ n. Etym: MR. hnér; OR. hnēr; PR. *hnēr (soldier); PH. *hnéḡis (roamer), from *han- (to go) + *-éḡis; PL. *pan- (to go) + *-ég-. EN soldier. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: hneG-. gen: hní. dat: hnea. acc: hníd. ins: hneúr. pl: hníre.

hņair /hŋair/ n. Etym: MR. hņair; OR. hŋair; PR. *hŋawir; PH. *p̄ŋakhwés; PL. *pŋ̊-ń̥k(ʰ)wé- ← *peŋ- (to beget). EN child. DE Kind. PL dziecko. light stem, count noun. stem: hņai-. gen: hņaisk. dat: hņain. acc: hņaist. ins: hņaivúr. pl: hņaire.

hņíra /ˈhŋiːra/ n. Etym: near doublet of haura; MR. hņíra; OR. hŋijra; PR. *hŋiɣor; PH. *p̄ŋighós; PL. *pŋ̊-egʱó- ← *peŋ- (to beget). EN generation (step of descent). DE Generation. PL pokolenie. light stem, count noun. stem: hņio-. gen: hņiusk. dat: hņiun. acc: hņiust. ins: hņiovúr. pl: hņiore. see: haura.

hojens /ˈhɔjɛns/ n. Etym: from earlier haujens; MR. & OR. havênns; PR. *haβêhns; PH. *habhɛ̄́ṯənəs; PL. *hm̥-bʱǽjt-æn-æs ← *him- (life force). EN energy. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hojen-. gen: hojeng. dat: hojena. acc: hojend. ins: hojenúr.

holstra /ˈhɔlstra/ n. Etym: from earlier hol'stra, holustra; previously the spelling with the apostrophe was mandatory, but this has since been removed; MR. hurucra, hulucra; OR. hurucra; PR. *hur(u)cer (u analogical with huruwer); PH. *ḵwrəkés; PL. *kwr̥-k’é- ← *kwur- (to guard). EN door. light stem, count noun. stem: holce-. gen: holcisk. dat: holcen. acc: holcest. ins: holcevúr. pl: holcere. phonology one of the rare occurrences of checked /ɔ/ Variants holustra ‘archaic’; hol'stra ‘dated’.

holuont /ˈhɔluont/ v. Etym: MR. hulóntt; OR. huðōntt; PR. *huðōnht; PH. *khudhṓn-; PL. *kʰu<dʰób>n- ← *kʰon- (to lie down). EN lay, put, place, set (position into a 'horizontal' position). DE legen. transitive. stem: holún-. npst: holuonge : holuonga : holuonș : holuongú. pst: holúnei. npst adv: holuonivú. pst adv: holúnúl. ger: holúnunș. Notes Where there is no clear 'orientation', lorált is preferred, or alternatively skoluodt, which is considered neutral. Holúneș/Skolújeș drád er loráled. She put the book on the table. see: lorált ‘near-synonym referring to vertical positioning’; skoluodt.

homús /ˈhɔmuːs/ n. Etym: MR. homułs; OR. homulro; PR. *homulur; PH. *p̄ómulus; PL. *pom-ol- ← *pom- (red). EN ruby. DE Rubin. PL rubin. heavy stem, count noun. stem: homuv-. gen: homuvu. dat: homuva. acc: homúd. ins: homuvúr. pl: homúre.

honair /ˈhɔnair/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hunair; PR. *hunawir; PH. *p̄unákhwis; PL. *pun-ń̥k(ʰ)wé- ← *pown- (to sow). EN seed. DE Samen. PL nasiono. light stem, count noun. stem: honai-. gen: honaisk. dat: honain. acc: honaist. ins: honaivúr. pl: honaire.

hora /ˈhɔra/ adv. Etym: MR. & OR. hora; PR. *hora; PH. *p̄ósa; PL. ⁂posn̥ ← *pos- (after). EN then, subsequently. DE dann. PL potem. incomparable.

horiș /ˈhɔriʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. huriș; OR. hŭrišjre; PR. *hɨrišjir; PH. *p̄ɯḏɯs (sun). EN sunny. comparable. stem: hor-. comp: horuobș. horiș dvuoþs a sunny day. see: hraus.

horúra /hɔˈruːra/ n. Etym: MR. hurúra; OR. huruwra; PR. *huruwer (lord), with an unexpected development from *ə to *u, possibly due to surrounding *w's; PH. *ḵwrəkhwés; PL. *kwr̥-k(ʰ)wé- ← *kwur- (to guard). EN lord, baron. light stem, count noun. stem: horuve-. gen: horuvisk. dat: horuven. acc: horuvest. ins: horuvevúr. pl: horuvere.

hoșyzs /ˈhɔʃiz/ n. Etym: MR. hușyzs; OR. hušyðre; PR. *hušyðir; PH. *khusjýdhis; PL. *kʰo-sjydʱ- ← *sjydʱ- (to trust). EN wedding. DE Hochzeit. PL ślub. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hoșyz-. gen: hoșyzg. dat: hoșyza. acc: hoșyzd. ins: hoșyzúr. pl: hoșyzdre.

hovans /ˈhɔvans/ n. Etym: MR. hu(v)ans; OR. hu(w)ans; PR. *huwans; PH. *khuṯánəs; PL. *kʰo-tan- ← *tan- (to build). EN building. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hov[a^o]n-. gen: hovung. dat: hovana. acc: hovand. ins: hovanúr. pl: hovandre.

hovens /ˈhɔvɛns/ n. Etym: MR. huvens; OR. huwens; PR. *huɣens; PH. *ḵughénis; PL. *kugʱ-én- ← *kewgʱ- (to roast/bake/fry). EN cake. DE Kuchen. PL ciasto. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hov[e^i]n-. gen: hoving. dat: hovena. acc: hovend. ins: hovenúr. pl: hovendre.

høķ /hœtʃ/ v. Etym: MR. høţţ; OR. højtt; PR. *hweɣht; PH. *ḵwegh-; PL. *kwegʱ- (to cling). EN hold, grasp, carry, clutch. transitive. stem: h[ø^y]j-. npst: høi : høja : højș : hyú. pst: hyei. npst adv: højvú. pst adv: højúl. ger: højnș.

hradzs /hradz/ n. Etym: MR. hradzs; OR. hradþre; PR. *herdθir; PH. *hérḏthis; PL. *he<r>d-tʰ- ← *hed- (white). EN silver. DE Silber. PL srebro. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hr[a^e]dz-. gen: hrezg. dat: hradza. acc: hrazd. ins: hradzúr.

hrafjestra /hraˈfjɛstra/ n. Etym: MR. hrafjistra ← hrafs (acid) + jistra (substance). EN oxygen. DE Sauerstoff. PL tlen. light stem, mass noun. stem: hrafjeste-. gen: hrafjestisk. dat: hrafjesten. acc: hrafjestest. ins: hrafjestevúr. see: hrafs₂; istra.

hrafs₁ /hrafs/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hrafs; PR. *harɸs; PH. *khárphəs (path); PL. *kʰarpʰ- (board). EN path. DE Pfad. PL szlak, droga. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hraf-. gen: hraf. dat: hrafa. acc: hraft. ins: hrafúr. pl: hrafre.

hrafs₂ /hrafs/ n. Etym: MR. hrafs; OR. hræfs; PR. *hræɸs; PH. *ṯrǽphəs; PL. *træpʰ- (bitter). EN acid. PL kwas. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hr[a^e]f-. gen: href. dat: hrafa. acc: hraft. ins: hrafúr.

hrafs hjeløriștre /hrafs ʃɛˈlœriʃtrɛ/ /hrafs çɛˈlœriʃtrɛ/ n. Etym: hrafs (acid) + hjeløriș (sulphuric). EN sulphuric acid. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hr[a^e]f- hjeløriș-. gen: href hjelørișk. dat: hrafa hjelørișa. acc: hraft hjelørișt. ins: hrafúr hjelørișúr. see: hrafs₂; hjeløriș.

hraokt /hrɔːkt/ v. Etym: MR. & OR. hrôktt; PR. *hôrkht (to cough), of onomatopoeic origin. EN cough. DE husten. PL kaszleć, kaszlnąć. intransitive. stem: hraok-. npst: hraoke : hraoka : hraokș : hraokú. pst: hraocei. npst adv: hraocivú. pst adv: hraokúl. ger: hraokunș.

hrarøat /ˈhrarœat/ v. Etym: hra- + røat. EN take away, remove, subtract. transitive. stem: hrar[ø^y]H-. npst: hrarøi : hrarøà : hrarøaș : hraryú. pst: hraryșei. npst adv: hrarøșevú. pst adv: hrarøvúl. ger: hrarøjnș. grammar + ra (+gen) = to subtract from see: ra₂; røat.

hraryvuozs /ˈhrarivuoz/ n. Etym: hrarøat + -uozs. EN subtraction (mathematics). heavy stem, count noun. stem: hraryvúz-. gen: hraryvuozg. dat: hraryvúza. acc: hraryvuozd. ins: hraryvúzúr. pl: hraryvuozdre. see: hrarøat; -uozs.

hras /hras/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hrass; PR. *hɨrhs; PH. *ḵɯ́ḏɯḵɯs; PL. *kɯd-ɯk- ← *kɯd- (hard). EN crab, crustacean. DE Krebs. PL rak. spirant stem, count noun. stem: hraḤ-. gen: hrag. dat: hraga. acc: hrad. ins: hragúr. pl: hrajre.

hraslat /ˈhraslat/ v. Etym: MR. hraslatt; OR. hratlætt ← hra (behind; out) + tlætt (to tell).1 • EN gossip about, spread rumours about, speculate on (to speak of/on X with second-hand knowledge).

2 • legal. EN speculate. transitive. stem: hrasl[a^e]Ḥ-. npst: hraslai : hraslá : hraslaș : hrasleú. pst: hrasleșei. npst adv: hraslaivú. pst adv: hraslagúl. ger: hraslainș. Hraslarúș… Rumour has it… see: ra₁; ra₂; slat.

hraș /hraʃ/ n. Etym: MR. hraș; OR. hrajs; PR. *harjs; PH. *p̄árjəs; PL. *pa<r>ɟ-as ← *paɟ- (to blow). EN wind. DE Wind. PL wiatr. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hraj-. gen: hraj. dat: hrá. acc: hrax. ins: hrajúr. pl: hrajre.

hraus /hraus/ n. Etym: MR. hraus; OR. hraws; PR. *hɨrɣs, displaced non-augmentative *hɨrs; PH. *p̄ɯ́ḏɯghɯs, augmentative of *p̄ɯḏɯs, cf. Hirdian φίδας; PL. *pɯd- (sun). EN sun. DE Sonne. PL słońce. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hrav-. gen: hravu. dat: hrava. acc: hraud. ins: hravúr. pl: hraure. grammar The plural was not employed until relatively recently in the history of the language and thus its plural (and ultimately stem) has been reanalysed as v-stemmed; the expected plural is **hrazdre. see: horiș; hraviș.

hraviș /ˈhraviʃ/ adj. Etym: hraus + -iș. EN solar. incomparable. stem: hrav-. see: hraus.

hrâ- /hrɤ/ aff. Etym: MR. hru(n)-; OR. hrŭ(n)-; PR. *hrɨ(n); PH. *srə(n)-; PL. *sr̥(n)-. EN bad, dys-. ant. re-.

hrâs /hrɤs/ n. Etym: MR. hruss; OR. hrŭþþs; PR. *hrwɨhθs; PH. *ḵrwɯ́khthɯs; PL. *krwɯkʰ-tʰ- ← *krwɯkʰ- (true). EN need, necessity. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hrâs-. gen: hrâsk. dat: hrâsa. acc: hrâst. ins: hrâsúr. pl: hrâstre. Ven hrâs-aș kú. I need this.

hrâstrat /ˈhrɤstrat/ v. Etym: hrâ- + strat. EN lose. PL przegrać. intransitive. stem: hrâstratH-. npst: hrâstrate : hrâstrata : hrâstratș : hrâstratú. pst: hrâstratșei. npst adv: hrâstratșevú. pst adv: hrâstratúl. ger: hrâstratunș. see: hrâ-; strat.

hrâstretỉr /ˈhrɤstrɛtiːːr/ n. Etym: hrâ- + stretỉr. EN loss, defeat. ant. restretỉr. semi-light stem, count noun. stem: hrâstretie-. gen: hrâstretỉ. dat: hrâstretiea. acc: hrâstretỉd. ins: hrâstretieúr. pl: hrâstretỉre. gen pl: hrâstretỉris, hrâstretỉes. see: hrâ-; stretỉr.

hredeșeí /hrɛˈdɛʃɛ.iː/ /hrɛˈdɛʃei/ adv. Etym: hredeșeș + -í. EN in Radestrian, Radestrian. DE rädestrisch. PL radestryjski. comparable. stem: hredeșe-. comp: hredeșejúb. adj: hredeșeș. see: -í.

hredeșeș /ˈhrɛdɛʃɛʃ/ adj. Etym: hredeștre + -ș. EN Radestrian. comparable. stem: hredeșe-. comp: hredeșejuobș. adv: hredeșeí. see: Hredeștre; -iș.

Hredeștre /hrɛˈdɛʃtrɛ/ propn. Etym: MR. Hredeșre; OR. Hredešre; PR. *hirdèšir; PH. *ḵirḏɛ́ḵjis (Hirdic Kingdom); PL. *ki<gr̥>d-ǽkje- (union of the trees). EN Radestria. light stem. stem: Hredeșe-. gen: Hredeșesk. dat: Hredeșen. acc: Hredeșest. ins: Hredeșevúr.

hrediș /ˈhrɛdiʃ/ adj. Etym: backformed from Hredeștre. EN Radic. comparable. stem: hred-. comp: hreduobș. see: Hredeștre.

hredzair /ˈhrɛdzair/ n. Etym: MR. hredzair; OR. hredþair; PR. *hirdθawir ← *herdθir + *-awir (DIM). EN coin. DE Münze. PL moneta. light stem, count noun. stem: hredzai-. gen: hredzaisk. dat: hredzain. acc: hredzaist. ins: hredzaivúr. pl: hredzaire. see: hradzs; -air.

hrefiș /ˈhrɛfiʃ/ adj. Etym: equivalent of hrafs + -iș; MR. hrefiș; OR. hrefišjre; PR. *hrèɸišjir; hræɸs; PH. *ṯrǽphəs; PL. *træpʰ- (bitter). EN sour, acidic. DE sauer. PL kwaśny. comparable. stem: hraf-. comp: hrafuobș. see: hrafs₂; -iș.

hregans /ˈhrɛgans/ n. Etym: MR. hreganss; OR. hreɣænss; PR. *hirhænhs; PH. *p̄irhǽnṯəs; PL. *pe-p<r̥>h-ǽnt- ← *poh- (to burn).1 • EN coal. DE Kohl. PL węgiel.

2 • EN carbon. DE Kohlstoff. PL węgiel. spirant stem, mass noun. stem: hreg[a^e]nḤ-. gen: hregeng. dat: hreganga. acc: hregand. ins: hregangúr.

hremíra /hrɛˈmiːra/ n. Etym: MR. hremíra; OR. hremijra; PR. *hirmiɣor ← hǫrmir + -ɣor (AUG); PH. *p̄ɤ̄́rmis; PL. *pajr-me- ← *pajr- (time period).1 • EN time.

2 • EN tense (linguistics). light stem, count noun. stem: hremie-. gen: hremiesk. dat: hremien. acc: hremiest. ins: hremievúr. pl: hremiere.

hrenír /ˈhrɛniːr/ n. Etym: MR. hren(l)ér; OR. hrenlēr; PR. *hirnlejir; PH. *p̄irnléṯis; PL. *(s)pirn-lét- ← *(s)pujrn- (bark, of tree). EN boat. DE Boot. PL łódź. spirant stem, count noun. stem: hreneH-. gen: hrenig. dat: hreneva. acc: hrened. ins: hrenevúr. pl: hreníre.

hreņuos /ˈhrɛŋuos/ n. Etym: MR. hreņóss; OR. hreŋōss; PR. *hirŋwǫhs; PH. *p̄isŋwɤ̄́həs; PL. *pe-(s)ŋwajʔ- ← *(s)ŋwajʔ- (hair, wool). EN wool. spirant stem, mass noun. stem: hreņúH-. gen: hreņuog. dat: hreņúva. acc: hreņuod. ins: hreņúvúr.

hreņúr /ˈhrɛŋuːr/ n. Etym: MR. hreņór; OR. hreŋōr; PR. *hirŋōr; PH. *p̄irŋóḡus; PL. *pi<gr̥>ŋ-óg- ← *peŋ- (to beget). EN soil, dirt, earth. PL ziemia. semi-light stem, mass noun. stem: hreņ[o^u]G-. gen: hreņív. dat: hreņoa. acc: hreņúd. ins: hreņoúr.

hrieds /hriedz/ n. Etym: MR. hríds; OR. hrûds; PR. *hɨ̄rds; PH. *ḵɯ́ḡɯrḏɯs (tree); PL. *kɯ<gɯr>d- ← *kɯd- (hard). EN tree. DE Baum. PL drzewo. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hríd-. gen: hriezg. dat: hrída. acc: hriezd. ins: hrízúr. pl: hriedre.

hrjátunþs /ˈhrjaːtɤnθs/ n. Etym: MR. hrêtunþs; OR. hrêtŭnþs; PR. *hêrtɨmθs; PH. *hɛ̄́zcəmthəs; PL. *hæjz-c’am-tʰ- ← *hæjz- (on) + *c’am- (heart). EN dream, aspiration. DE Traum. PL marzenie. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hrjátunþ-. gen: hrjátunsk. dat: hrjátunþa. acc: hrjátunst. ins: hrjátunþúr. pl: hrjátunþre.

hrjuoþs /hrjuoθs/ n. Etym: MR. hrjúþs; OR. hrjūþro; PR. *hrjūθur (honour); PH. *srjū́thus; PL. *srjɯwtʰ- (obligation). EN honour, pride. syn. hrjúþișans. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hrjúþ-. gen: hrjuosk. dat: hrjúþa. acc: hrjuost. ins: hrjúþúr.

hrjúþiș /ˈhrjuːθiʃ/ adj. Etym: hrjuoþs + -iș. EN proud, honourable. comparable. stem: hrjúþ-. comp: hrjúþuobș. see: hrjuoþs; -iș.

hrjúþișans /ˈhrjuːθiʃans/ n. Etym: hrjúþiș + -ans. EN pride. syn. hrjuoþs. spirant stem, mass noun. stem: hrjúþiș[a^e]nḤ-. gen: hrjúþișeng. dat: hrjúþișanga. acc: hrjúþișand. ins: hrjúþișangúr. see: hrjúþiș.

hrogair /ˈhrɔgair/ n. Etym: MR. hrogair; OR. hroɣair; PR. *hurhawir (moment); PH. *ṯurhákhwis; PL. *tu<r>h-ń̥k(ʰ)we- ← *towh- (to divide). EN second. DE Sekunde. PL sekunda. light stem, count noun. stem: hrogai-. gen: hrogaisk. dat: hrogain. acc: hrogaist. ins: hrogaivúr. pl: hrogaire.

hrojestra /hrɔˈjɛstra/ n. Etym: MR. hraujistra ← hraus (sun) + jistra (substance). EN helium. DE Helium. PL hel. light stem, mass noun. stem: hrojeste-. gen: hrojestisk. dat: hrojesten. acc: hrojestest. ins: hrojestevúr. see: hraus; istra.

hrolus /ˈhrɔlɤs/ n. Etym: MR. hrulus; OR. hrŭlvs; PR. *hrɨlβs; PH. *srɯ́lbhɯs; PL. *srɯlbʱ- (hook). EN key. DE Schlüssel. PL klucz. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hrulv-. gen: hrulvu. dat: hrulva. acc: hrolud. ins: hrulvúr. pl: hrolure.

hroșeș /ˈhrɔʃɛʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. hrușiș; OR. hrušišjre; PR. *hrwušišjir; hrwašur; PH. *srwóchus; PL. *srwocʰ- (tough). EN strong. DE stark. PL mocny. comparable. stem: hr[a^o]ș-. comp: hrașuobș.

hrovuns /ˈhrɔvɤns/ n. Etym: MR. hrovuns; OR. hrowŭns; PR. *hurgɨns; PH. *ṯurḡɯ́nɯs (tide); PL. *turg-ɯ́n- ← *tɯwrg- (to flow). EN tide. DE Ebbe, Flut. PL pływ. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hrovun-. gen: hrovung. dat: hrovuna. acc: hrovund. ins: hrovunúr. pl: hrovundre.

Hrøra /ˈhrœra/ propn. Etym: MR. Hrevra; OR. Hrewra; PR. *Hirɣor (Hirgo); PH. *P̱irghós; PL. *pir-gʱó- ← *pajr- (time period).1 • EN Hrew (Radestrian goddess of time). PL Chrewa (radestryjska bogini wrzemienia).

2 • EN Mercury (planet). light stem. stem: Hrevo-. gen: Hrevusk. dat: Hrevun. acc: Hrevust. ins: Hrevovúr.

hrúciș /ˈhruːtsiʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. hrócíș (bad); OR. hrōcīšjre (comp. hrŭneōbšjre-); PR. *hrōcīšjir; hrōcēr (cursed); PH. *ṯrōkéḡis; PL. *tr̥jk’-ég- ← *trjok’- (bad); comparative from *sr̥n-ég- ← *sran- (to die). EN bad. PL zły. comparable, irregular*. stem: hrúceG-. comp: hroneuobș*.

hruoft /hruoft/ v. Etym: MR. hrúvtt; OR. hrūwtt; PR. *hūrght (to copulate); PH. *ṯūrḡ-; PL. *tɯwrg- (to flow, water). vulgar. EN fuck. intransitive. stem: hrúG̣-. npst: hruoke : hrúka : hruokș : hrúkú. pst: hrúdzei. npst adv: hruovdzivú. pst adv: hrúvúl. ger: hrúvunș.

hruonþs /hruonθs/ n. Etym: MR. hrónþs; OR. hrōmþro; PR. *howurmθur; PH. *p̄óp̄urmthus; PL. *po~po<r>m-tʰ- ← *pom- (red). EN copper. DE Kupfer. PL miedź. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hruonþ-. gen: hruonsk. dat: hruonþa. acc: hruonst. ins: hruonþúr.

hruots /hruots/ n. Etym: MR. hróts; OR. hrōts; PR. *hrwǫts; PH. *srwɤ̄́təs; PL. *srwajt’- (something bad). EN flaw. PL wada. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hrút-. gen: hruosk. dat: hrúta. acc: hruost. ins: hrútúr. pl: hruotre.

hrylșt /hrilʃt/ v. Etym: MR. hrylștt (to pay); OR. hrylštt; PR. *hrwylšht (to buy); PH. *p̄rwylch-; PL. *prwylcʰ- (to sell/buy). EN pay. DE zahlen, bezahlen. PL płacić. transitive. stem: hrylș-. npst: hrylșe : hrylșa : hrylș : hrylșú. pst: hrylșei. npst adv: hrylșevú. pst adv: hrylșúl. ger: hrylșenș. grammar takes a dative object

hrytra /ˈhritra/ n. Etym: MR. & OR. hrythra; PR. *hrwithwer; PH. *srwitkhwés; PL. *srwit’-k(ʰ)wé- ← *srwajt’- (something bad). EN mistake. DE Fehler. PL błąd. light stem, count noun. stem: hryte-. gen: hrytesk. dat: hryten. acc: hrytest. ins: hrytevúr. pl: hrytere.

hú /huː/ n. Etym: MR. hú.1 • EN ego, Ich (psychology).

2 • EN self. indeclinable, count noun. pl: húre. grammar indeclinable in the singular see: ú.

hújeș /ˈhuːjɛʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. hújiș; OR. hūjišjre; PR. *hōhs, hūjišjir; PH. *ṯṓhus; PL. *towh- (to divide). EN weird, strange, abnormal. comparable. stem: húH-. comp: húvuobș.

hunstra /ˈhɤnstra/ n. Etym: MR. huncra; OR. huncræ; PR. *huncer; PH. *p̄unkés; PL. *pun-k’é- ← *pown- (to sow). EN crop. light stem, count noun. stem: hunce-. gen: huncisk. dat: huncen. acc: huncest. ins: huncevúr. pl: huncere.

huombre /ˈhuombrɛ/ n. Etym: MR. hómre; OR. hōmre; PR. *hōmir; PH. *khṓmis (pact); PL. *kʰon-me- ← *kʰon- (to lie down). EN marriage. light stem, count noun. stem: húmi-. gen: húmisk. dat: húmin. acc: húmist. ins: húmivúr. pl: húmire. see: la húmin.

huops /huops/ n. Etym: MR. húps; OR. hūps; PR. *hūps; PH. *hū́pɯs; PL. *hɯwp’- (wood). EN log. heavy stem, count noun. stem: húp-. gen: huof. dat: húpa. acc: huoft. ins: húpúr. pl: huopre.

huostra /ˈhuostra/ n. Etym: MR. húcra; OR. huwcra; PR. *huɣcer; PH. *ḵughkés; PL. *kugʱ-k’é-s ← *kewgʱ- (to roast/bake/fry). EN dough. DE Teig. PL ciasto. light stem, mass noun. stem: húce-. gen: húcisk. dat: húcen. acc: húcest. ins: húcevúr.

huoștre /ˈhuoʃtrɛ/ n. Etym: MR. hóșro, hóșș; OR. hōšro; PR. *hōšur; PH. *ṯṓchus; PL. *towcʰ- (night). EN night (concept). DE Nacht. PL noc. heavy stem, count noun. stem: húș-. gen: huoșk. dat: húșa. acc: huoșt. ins: húșúr. pl: huoștre. grammar long nominative is standard when referring to the concept of the night see: húșal.

huoș /huoʃ/ EN night (period). grammar short nominative is standard when referring to the period of time covered by the night

huovotíș /ˈhuovɔtiːʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. húhłotíș ← hú- + hłotíș, doublet of úhvotíș. EN incompetent. comparable. stem: huovotoG-. comp: huovotouobș. see: ú-; hvotíș; úhvotíș.

huoþre /ˈhuoθrɛ/ n. Etym: MR. húþre, húþs; OR. hŭwþs; PR. *hɨgθs; PH. *ṯɯ́gthɯs; PL. *tɯg-tʰ- ← *tɯg- (to fall). EN west (direction). DE Westen. PL zachód. ant. vestre. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: húþ-. gen: huosk. dat: húþa. acc: huost. ins: húþúr. grammar long nominative is standard when referring to the compass direction

huoþs /huoθs/ EN west (region). grammar short nominative is standard when referring to borders huoþs Þyreșesk West Germany.

húrabs /ˈhuːraps/ n. Etym: MR. húrabs (sandstorm); OR. howræbs; PR. *howærbs (desert); PH. *khoḵwǽrḇəs; PL. *kʰo-kwærb- ← *kwærb- (dry). EN sandstorm. DE Sandsturm. heavy stem, count noun. stem: húrab-. gen: húraug. dat: húraba. acc: húraud. ins: húrabúr. pl: húrabre.

húșal /ˈhuːʃal/ adv. Etym: MR. hóșal; OR. hōšal; PR. *hōša (læ). EN at night, during the night, in the night. ant. dvúþal. incomparable. see: huoștre.

hvadt /hvat/ v. Etym: MR. hładtt; OR. hladtt; PR. *hlwadht; PH. *p̄lwod-; PL. *plwod- (to spew). EN spit. DE spucken. PL pluć. intransitive. stem: hv[a^u]d-. npst: hvate : hvata : hvatș : hvutú. pst: hvujei. npst adv: hvazdivú. pst adv: hvadúl. ger: hvadunș.

hvaks /hvaks/ n. Etym: MR. hvakss; OR. hwækþs; PR. *hwækθs; PH. *p̄wǽkthəs; PL. *pwækʹ-tʰ- ← *pwæk’- (to be straight). EN level, plane. PL poziom. heavy stem, count noun. stem: h[va^ø]ks-. gen: høksk. dat: hvaksa. acc: hvakst. ins: hvaksúr. pl: hvakstre.

hvarbs /hvarps/ n. Etym: MR. hvarbs (desert); OR. hwærbs; PR. *hwærbs (arid land); PH. *ḵwǽrḇəs; PL. *kwærb- (dry). EN desert. DE Wüste. PL pustynia. heavy stem, count noun. stem: h[va^ø]rb-. gen: hørug. dat: hvarba. acc: hvarud. ins: hvarbúr. pl: hvarbre.

hvarþjaudzs /ˈhvarθjaudz/ n. Etym: hvarþs + jaudzs. EN cryomancer. heavy stem, count noun. stem: jaudz-. gen: hvarþjauzg. dat: hvarþjaudza. acc: hvarþjauzd. ins: hvarþjaudzúr. pl: hvarþjauzdre. see: hvarþs; jaudzs.

hvarþjovuozs /ˈhvarθjɔvuoz/ n. Etym: hvarþs + jovuozs. EN cryomancy. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hvarþjavúz-. gen: hvarþjavuozg. dat: hvarþjavúza. acc: hvarþjavuozd. ins: hvarþjavúzúr. see: hvarþs; jovuozs.

hvarþs /hvarθs/ n. Etym: MR. hvarþs; OR. hvarþur; PR. *hwarθur; PH. *hwósthus; PL. *(h)wos-tʰ-os; PL. *(h)wos- (ice). EN ice. DE Eis. PL lód. heavy stem, mass noun. stem: hv[a^u]rþ-. gen: hvursk. dat: hvarþa. acc: hvarst. ins: hvarþúr.

hvaus /hvaus/ n. Etym: MR. hłaus; OR. hlavro; PR. *hlwaβur; PH. *ḵlwóbhus; PL. *klwobʱ- (log, stem). EN chair. DE Stuhl. PL krzesło. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hv[a^u]v-. gen: hvuvu. dat: hvava, hvá. acc: hvaud. ins: hvavúr. pl: hvaure.

hvienslat /ˈhvienslat/ v. Etym: MR. hłénslatt; OR. hlǫntlætt ← hłén (against) + tlætt (speak).1 • EN object (to), condemn.

2 • legal. EN object. transitive. stem: hviensl[a^e]Ḥ-. npst: hvienslai : hvienslá : hvienslaș : hviensleú. pst: hviensleșei. npst adv: hvienslașevú. pst adv: hvienslagúl. ger: hvienslainș. Hvienslai! Struoș hraslainșt. Objection! Calls for speculation. Hvienslai! Hraslarúș. Objection! Hearsay. see: vien; slat.

hvíma- /ˈhviːma/ aff. Etym: MR. hłéma, cf. víma. EN contra-, anti-, counter-. see: víma.

hvímarâs /ˈhviːmarɤs/ n. Etym: hvíma- + râs.1 • EN deflection, block, parry, counter.

2 • EN counter-strike, counter-attack. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hvímarâs-. gen: hvímarâsk. dat: hvímarâsa. acc: hvímarâst. ins: hvímarâsúr. pl: hvímarâstre. see: hvímaroat; hvíma-; râs.

hvímaroat /ˈhviːmarɔat/ v. Etym: hvíma- + roat.1 • EN deflect, block, parry, counter.

2 • EN counter-strike. transitive. stem: hvímar[o^u]H-. npst: hvímarui : hvímaroà : hvímaroaș : hvímarûú. pst: hvímarușei. npst adv: hvímarûșevú. pst adv: hvímarovúl. ger: hvímaruonș. see: hvímarâs; hvíma-; roat.

hvocart /ˈhvɔtsart/ v. Etym: MR. hłucartt; OR. hlŭcærtt; PR. *hlɨcerht; PH. *hləkér-; PL. *ʔl̥-k’é-r- ← *ʔel- (to settle). EN be welcome. intransitive, irregular*. stem: hvoc[a^e]r-. npst: hvocarge : hvocarga : hvocarș : hvocergú. pst: hvocerei. npst adv: hvocarivú. pst adv: hvocerúl*. ger: hvocerinș*. Hvocarga! Hvocergú! Welcome! Moí hvoceren! Moí hvocereú! It was a pleasure having you.

hvoens /ˈhvɔ.ɛns/ n. Etym: MR. hvuens; OR. hwuenre; PR. *hwuenir (hwɨ̄ng, hwuing); PH. *ḵwuḡénis; PL. *kwug-én- ← *kwewg- (to decide). EN thought. DE Gedanke. PL myśl. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hvo[e^i]n-. gen: hvoing. dat: hvoena. acc: hvoend. ins: hvoenúr. pl: hvoendre.

hvoláņt /ˈhvɔlaːŋt/ v. Etym: MR. hłuláņtt; OR. hluðǣŋtt; PR. *hluðǣŋht (to discover); PH. *ḵludhǣ́ŋ- (to uncover); PL. *klu<dʱǽb>ŋ- ← *klæwŋ- (to be visible). EN find. transitive. stem: hvol[á^í]ņ-. npst: hvoláņge : hvoláņga : hvoláņș : hvoljeņgú. pst: hvolíņei. npst adv: hvoláņivú. pst adv: hvoláņúl. ger: hvoláņunș.

hvorjeat /ˈhvɔrjæːt/ v. Etym: MR. hłuréhtt; OR. hlŭrǫhtt; PR. *hlɨrǫhht; PH. *p̄ləzɤ̄́h-; PL. *pl̥<záj>h- ← *plah- (to ask). EN beg for. PL błagać o. transitive. stem: hvoríH-. npst: hvorjei : hvorjeà : hvorjeaș : hvorjeú, hvorjø. pst: hvoríșei. npst adv: hvorjeșevú. pst adv: hvorívúl. ger: hvorívunș. grammar to beg someone (+dat) for (+acc)

hvotíș /ˈhvɔtiːʃ/ adj. Etym: MR. hłotíș; OR. hlotûšjre; PR. *hultɨ̄šjir; hultōr; PH. *hwlətóḡus; PL. *hwl̥t’-óg- ← *hwolt’- (to be able). EN able, capable. DE fähig. comparable. stem: hvotoG-. comp: hvotouobș.

hvunzdra /ˈhvɤnzdra/ n. Etym: MR. hłunzra; OR. hlunðra; PR. *hlunðor; PH. *ḵlundhós; PL. *klun-dʱó- ← *klɯwn- (to chew). EN tooth. DE Zahn. PL ząb. light stem, count noun. stem: hvunzo-. gen: hvunzusk. dat: hvunzun. acc: hvunzust. ins: hvunzovúr. pl: hvunzore.

hvuons /hvuons/ n. Etym: MR. hłúns; OR. hlūns; PR. *hlūns; PH. *ḵlū́nɯs; PL. *klɯwn- (to chew). EN rat. DE Ratte. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hvún-. gen: hvuong. dat: hvúna. acc: hvuond. ins: hvúnúr. pl: hvuondre.

hvust /hvɤst/ v. Etym: MR. hvustt; OR. hwŭðtt; PR. *hwɨðht (to distort, change form); PH. *ḵwɯdh-; PL. *kwɯdʱ- (to mislead).1 • EN change. DE sich verändern.

2 • EN inflect, decline, conjugate. PL odmienić się. intransitive. stem: hvuƶ-. npst: hvûþe : hvuþa : hvuþs : hvuþú. pst: hvuzei. npst adv: hvûzivú. pst adv: hvuzúl. ger: hvuzunș. Hvuþș hlýgans. The earth is changing.

hvuþs /hvɤθs/ n. Etym: MR. hłoþs; OR. hloþro; PR. *hloθur; PH. *ṯlóthus; PL. *tlotʰ- (hill, mountain). EN mountain, mount. heavy stem, count noun. stem: hv[o^u]þ-. gen: hvusk. dat: hvoþa. acc: hvust. ins: hvoþúr. pl: hvuþre.

hvyeķ /hvietʃ/ v. Etym: MR. hvǿţţ; OR. hwø̄jtt; PR. *hwęght; PH. *ḵwø̄́ḡ-; PL. *kwewg- (to decide).1 • EN think.

2 • EN deem, think.

3 • EN rule (on) (decide judicially). transitive. stem: hvýG-. npst: hvyeke : hvýka : hvyekș : hvýkú. pst: hvýdzei. npst adv: hvýdxevú. pst adv: hvýúl. ger: hvyejnș. Hvyeke rast-ra. I am thinking of you. Hvyeke vast hújeș. I think it's weird. I deem it weird.

hýviķ /ˈhiːvitʃ/ v. Etym: MR. h(v)ǿviţţ, h(v)ǿvítt; OR. hwø̄wītt; PR. *hwęwight; PH. *ḵwø̄́ḵwiḡ-; PL. *kwew~kweg- ← *kwewg- (to decide). EN contemplate, consider, think about, think over, think through. DE sich überlegen. transitive. stem: hýviG-. npst: hývike : hývika : hývikș : hývikú. pst: hývidzei. npst adv: hývidxevú, hývídzivú (archaic). pst adv: hýviúl. ger: hývjenș. Hývike vast. I'll think about it.